However, there are two main disadvantages of wedge or doublet glasses. Another popular solution is using wedge or doublet glasses to separate the second reflection image sufficiently far from the first one or to superimpose the two images ( Peng et al., 2009 Sauer and Stolberg, 2005). However, although improving the contrast of the image, this might decrease the transparency of the windshield. A possible solution for automotive head-up displays is the attachment of a dark film over the windshield to decrease the reflective lightness of the second image. This is known as a double image or ghost image. Normally, the projected image from a HUD is fuzzy because of the double reflection from the two surfaces of the thick windshield of the car. The displayed data can be the speed of the car, navigational information, warning signals, and so forth. In this chapter, we will talk only about the displays for automobiles. It was initially developed for military aircraft pilots but now has many other applications. Optical coatings for displays and lighting☆Ĭheng-Chung Lee, Chien-Cheng Kuo, in Optical Thin Films and Coatings (Second Edition), 2018 15.5 Optical Coating for Automobiles Head Up Display (HUD)Ī head up display (HUD) is a display that allows the user to see displayed data without looking away from the outside world. These permit the symbology to be seen regardless of head movement, but the present systems are too heavy for extended wear by the pilot. Considerable research is also being done, primarily for military applications, on helmet-mounted displays. It should also permit the pilot to have more head movement without losing sight of the symbology, as is the case with present systems which limit head movement to a few inches in any direction. If perfected, that type of HUD will be much less obtrusive to the pilot than the present combiner glass. Other companies, such as Sfena, have been experimenting with projecting head-up symbology onto the windscreen. The application of holographic technology has made possible wider fields of view, and in 1985 the FAA certified a transport HUD built by Flight Dynamics Incorporated for operating to Category IIIa landing minima (700-feet runway visual range) in B-727 aircraft (“Holographic HUD,” 1985). Head-up displays have been used on fighter aircraft for many years, originally for weapons delivery and later for presenting flight data as well.
This has obvious advantages over requiring the pilot to fly head down or to continuously transition from head up to head down during flight. Head-up displays (HUD) provide pilots with flight data symbology on a transparent combiner glass while at the same time permitting them to observe the out-the-window view. Sexton, in Human Factors in Aviation, 1988 Head-Up Displays Cockpit–Crew Systems Design and Integration
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